Disciplines
Pharmacology
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Pharmacology is the study of how drugs act on living systems, and of how a substance is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body.
Facts
Founded YearOswald Schmiedeberg's 1872 appointment as director of the Institute of Pharmacology at the newly founded Kaiser-Wilhelm University in Strasbourg is the conventional founding point of pharmacology as an independent experimental discipline; he trained roughly 120 students who carried the discipline worldwide. Central QuestionBy what precise molecular mechanism does a given drug produce its effect on the body, and how can that mechanism be used to predict a new compound's benefit and risk before it is ever given to a patient? 2 ScopePharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with how drugs interact with living systems, covering a substance's mechanism of action, its beneficial effects and its toxicity. 2 SignificanceOswald Schmiedeberg, working at the University of Strasbourg in the late nineteenth century, trained a generation of pharmacologists and established the discipline's core experimental methods, earning him recognition as the father of modern pharmacology. 2 Cross-Tradition Connections
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Sources
1. Oswald Schmiedeberg 1838-1921, Ninth Pharmacologic-Historical Forum (PMC)
PubMed Central, National Library of MedicineAbstractQuote, Abstract
Holmstedt and Liljestrand's (1963) History of Pharmacology and Toxicology noted, "Schmiedeberg was undoubtedly the most prominent pharmacologist of his time." He had about 120 pupils, about 40 of them occupied pharmacology chairs throughout the world.
2. Pharmacology (Wikipedia)
WikipediaLead sectionQuote, Lead section
Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition and interaction with biological systems; specifically through pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.
2. Pharmacology (Wikipedia)
Oswald Schmiedeberg (Britannica)
China's First Science Nobel Prize Exposes Anxiety on Research (Chemistry World)
Chemistry WorldHas Scientist: Tu Youyou
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